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　　Yesterday, the "Beijing Traffic Police" APP was officially launched. Citizens can use their mobile phones to report eight types of traffic violations, such as occupying bus lanes, and get bonus points. In addition, drivers who drive passenger cars with foreign license plates can apply for the Beijing Pass on the APP line, but vehicles entering Beijing such as buses and trucks cannot apply online. As of 16: 00 yesterday, the APP had been downloaded 320,000 times, with 256,000 registered users, 17,800 Beijing-based permits successfully, and 270 traffic violations reported.

　　You can get points for reporting violations online.

　　The "Beijing Traffic Police" APP has launched a traffic violation reporting module, and people can report motor vehicle traffic violations by taking photos within the city. The whistleblower needs to turn on the GPS positioning function of the mobile phone first, and take three photos of motor vehicle traffic violations according to the system prompts. The photos should clearly reflect the license plate number, appearance and facts of traffic violations. After receiving the report information uploaded by mass mobile phones, the traffic control department will review and handle it according to law. It should be noted that the reported photos must be taken on-site by opening the APP and entering the reporting system. The photo systems such as taking photos in advance and storing them in mobile phones or video screenshots are not recognized.

　　According to the traffic control department, reporting is divided into real-name reporting and anonymous reporting. Citizens are encouraged to participate in real-name reporting of illegal activities, and the legitimate rights and interests of informants will be protected according to law, and the confidentiality system for reporting will be strictly enforced.

　　The traffic police reminded that drivers should strictly abide by traffic laws and regulations, and should not report and take photos during driving or in other situations that hinder traffic safety.

　　Eight types of illegal acts that citizens can report.

　　1. Driving a motor vehicle in a non-motor vehicle lane.

　　2. occupy the bus lane during the no-go time.

　　3. Motor vehicles illegally occupy emergency lanes on urban expressways.

　　4. Motor vehicles occupy the emergency lane in case of traffic jam on the expressway.

　　5. illegal parking at the bus stop, which affects the bus entering and leaving the station.

　　6. Motor vehicles stop in the emergency lane of the expressway in non-emergency situations.

　　7. Enter the guide lane and do not drive in the indicated direction.

　　8. When there is traffic jam in front of you waiting in line, change lanes at will and cut in line.

　　Passenger cars can apply for Beijing Pass online.

　　For many drivers who drive nonlocal private cars to Beijing, the online processing function of the Beijing Pass is undoubtedly good news. The reporter learned that through this APP, drivers can apply for a Beijing Pass online one to four days in advance, and after successful application, they can get an electronic Beijing Pass with a QR code.

　　According to the traffic police, the effectiveness of the electronic Beijing Pass is the same as that of the entity’s Beijing Pass. Its validity period is 2 to 7 days, and users can choose according to their trip to Beijing. After the people successfully handle it, they can print the paper version of the Beijing Pass by themselves according to the prompts.

　　After the electronic Beijing Pass is successfully processed, you can print the paper version by yourself or not, but the traffic police reminded that it is best to print one and put it in an obvious position in the car to avoid being stopped by the traffic police on the road for verification. If a forged electronic entry permit is used, the electronic equipment will be recorded in the system for off-site punishment after being monitored. If the police find it on the spot, they will be investigated for corresponding legal responsibility according to the forged national certificate.

　　Drivers need to be reminded that at present, only foreign passenger cars are allowed to apply for the Beijing Pass online, and other vehicles still need to go to the checkpoint to apply for the permit; Electronic Beijing Pass and Entity Beijing Pass cannot be processed repeatedly in the same period; Electronic Beijing Pass cannot be renewed in the urban safety supervision window; At present, once the electronic entry permit is successfully applied, the date cannot be changed.

　　Mei Bingsong, deputy director of the Traffic Management Bureau, also said that the function is currently in the trial operation stage. If it fails to be processed online, drivers can still apply for a Beijing permit at the checkpoint. Compared with going to the window to apply for the Beijing Pass, the introduction of the electronic Beijing Pass can reduce the travel of citizens due to the application, and save the waiting time in line.

　　It is convenient for foreign cars to enter Beijing. Will it be more congested? Yesterday, Liu Jiguang, director of the Order Department of the Traffic Management Bureau, responded that it is convenient to apply for the Beijing Pass, but the restrictions on foreign vehicles in this city have not been reduced. It is still a five-day limit, a peak ban on the Fifth Ring Road, a time-limited ban on the Second Ring Road and Chang’ an Street, etc. In addition, the police will continue to strengthen all-weather law enforcement on foreign vehicles.

　　Pay the fine online within 200 yuan.

　　The traffic violation inquiry and traffic violation payment modules launched in the first phase have been merged into "illegal investigation and payment". Through the traffic violation query module, you can query the traffic violation information of drivers with driver’s licenses issued by Beijing traffic control department and drivers with driver’s licenses issued by foreign traffic control departments in Beijing, as well as the traffic violation information of Beijing brand motor vehicles in China and foreign motor vehicles in Beijing.

　　It should be noted that users need to bind the real information of the motor vehicle owner when using traffic violation treatment and fine payment, in which traffic violation treatment supports drivers who have issued driving licenses by Beijing traffic control department to handle off-site traffic violations of Beijing brand motor vehicles under their own names and make payment. At the same time, the sum of the driver’s deducted points and the traffic violation points to be dealt with this time is less than 12 points, and only traffic violations with a single fine amount within (including) 200 yuan can be dealt with illegally online.

　　It is worth mentioning that, in order to further facilitate the people to pay fees, the illegal traffic payment has realized the online payment of mobile phones supporting all UnionPay cards. In the past, when paying fines online, you could only use ICBC’s Peony Card.

　　The traffic police also said that due to too many banks involved, the debugging is being stepped up these days, and it may encounter technical problems in paying the fine in the next day or two.

　　● Accident E handling

　　The "Accident E Handling" APP was first launched in November 2015. At present, the "Accident E Handling" module in the "Beijing Traffic Police" APP has added video forensics, automatic identification of the two-dimensional code of the party information, and partial verification of the driver’s license and driving license information. After the original "Accident E Handling" APP is upgraded, it will be automatically changed to the current APP.

　　● Comments and suggestions

　　The opinion suggestion module is divided into four parts: suggestions, opinions supervision, facilities warranty and signal timing. Users report their opinions, suggestions and supervision information on traffic management by taking photos, writing and voice.

　　● Information release

　　The information release module provides traffic control dynamics, police affairs publicity and traffic notices, which facilitates people to know the latest traffic notices, control measures and daily travel tips, and provides convenience for people to travel and do things.

　　The invalidation of the beta version will increase the vehicle management business.

　　The "Beijing Traffic Police" APP was launched yesterday. Only one hour after its release, more than 200,000 people downloaded it, and the popularity can be imagined. As of 16: 00 yesterday, the APP has been successfully downloaded for 320,000 times, with 256,000 registered users, 17,800 Beijing-based permits and 270 traffic violations.

　　The traffic control department provides two versions of software, Android and Apple IOS, for users to download.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Traffic Management Bureau said that after the trial operation of the "Beijing Traffic Police" APP, due to the large number of local car owners in Beijing and car owners from other places coming to Beijing, during the trial operation, the software is likely to have some unpredictable failures. It is hoped that the majority of car owners and drivers will give more suggestions during the trial operation, and the traffic control department will listen to the improvement opinions of the public and actively improve them. At the same time, the public are also welcome to give more valuable opinions on the later content of the software.

　　In addition, the second phase development of "Beijing Traffic Police" APP is in progress. After the second phase is launched, it will provide services such as road information, vehicle management business and traffic safety publicity.

　　Beijing Morning Post Chief Reporter Yue Yilei/Wen

On-the-spot investigation of procuratorial police officers in Nuozhadu reservoir area

The Commission for Discipline Inspection appointed a special person as an "observer" to participate in the special inspection of the procuratorial proposal "looking back"

　　The protection of ancient tea forests in Jingmai Mountain has entered a critical period, so it is urgent to protect ancient tea trees. Recently, the Procuratorate of Lancang County in Yunnan Province set up a roving inspection office for the protection of ancient tea forests in Jingmai Mountain in Pu ‘er Jingmai Mountain. This is a vivid practice of Pu ‘er procuratorate providing judicial guarantee for the only national green economy experimental demonstration zone in China.

　　A few days ago, the Comprehensive Coordination Office of the Leading Group for the Construction of Ecological Civilization in Yunnan Province forwarded the experience and practice of the procuratorial organs in Pu ‘er City, Yunnan Province to the whole province with the theme of "Exploring" green procuratorial work ",strengthening public interest litigation and building a judicial barrier for green development. Taking care of Pu ‘er Green with "Procuratorial Blue", the procuratorate of Pu ‘er City handed over a satisfactory answer.

　　Serve the overall situation and practice the concept of "green prosecution"

　　In September 2015, the procuratorate of Pu ‘er City was identified as the first batch of public interest litigation pilots in China. Challenges and opportunities coexist. The procuratorial organs of Pu ‘er City put forward the concept of "green procuratorial work" closely around "ecological establishment of the city and green development", formulated and issued 17 opinions to guarantee and serve the strategy of "ecological establishment of the city and green development" in Pu ‘er, and built a diversified procuratorial system of ecological environmental protection with criminal, civil, administrative and public interest litigation. At the same time, the procuratorate of Pu ‘er City set up a public interest litigation leading group headed by the procurator-general, set up a professional research group composed of 45 national or provincial procuratorial experts and experts, and set up 10 special environmental resources procuratorial case-handling groups in the county and district hospitals respectively, establishing a city-wide integrated working mechanism. The professional team of "green procuratorial" promoted the development of green industry and built a judicial barrier for the green development of Pu ‘er.

　　The reporter learned that since the pilot implementation of the "green procuratorial" system, the procuratorial organs in Pu ‘er City have handled 1,945 pre-litigation cases of public interest litigation, urged the restoration of 600 mu of polluted water sources, 42.4 kilometers of rivers and 204 illegal aquaculture through pre-litigation procuratorial suggestions, urged the restoration of 157.3 mu of cultivated land, forest land and water sources, urged the closure and rectification of environmental pollution enterprises and 11 enterprises that failed to handle environmental assessment according to law, effectively avoiding national economic losses.

　　The "green prosecution" system has also risen to the city’s strategy, realizing the public interest litigation from the ice-breaking trip to the full bloom. The Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government of Pu ‘er issued the Implementation Opinions on Supporting Procuratorial Organs to Carry out Public Interest Litigation to Promote the Green Development of Eco-city and the Construction of Pu ‘er under the Rule of Law, and the Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress took the lead in issuing the Opinions on Further Strengthening the Public Interest Litigation of Procuratorates in the whole city.

　　Based on functions, form a diversified procuratorial system for ecological environmental protection

　　"The practice of including the appraisal fee in the litigation request in this case can realize the unification of the cost and benefit of judicial relief, and at the same time punish the infringer, which is helpful to realize the purpose of civil public interest litigation." In March 2018, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate announced that "Pu ‘er City Procuratorate of Yunnan Province v. Yunnan Jinggu Mining and Metallurgy Co., Ltd. Civil Public Interest Litigation Case" was a typical case of ten procuratorial public interest litigations in China.

　　On March 7, 2015, the feed liquid conveying pipeline of No.8 concentrator of Jinggu Mining and Metallurgy Co., Ltd. in Jinggu County was broken, which caused the copper sulfate feed liquid to leak through the spillway, which led to the pollution of some farmland and vegetable fields in Baixiang Village and Minle Village in Minle Town, Jinggu County, and the fish in some sections of Minle Town floated and died, resulting in direct losses of more than 512,000 yuan to local villagers. After the pollution accident, Jinggu Company compensated the victims for their direct losses. Appraised by the Judicial Appraisal Center, in addition to direct losses, the quantified result of the amount of environmental pollution damage is 1,358,300 yuan, including 528,600 yuan for farmland environmental pollution damage and 829,700 yuan for ecological environment damage restoration.

　　In order to protect the ecological environment and safeguard social public interests, the Pu ‘er City Procuratorate filed a civil public interest lawsuit with the Pu ‘er Intermediate People’s Court after careful investigation and evidence collection and performing pre-litigation procedures. During the litigation, the Pu ‘er City Procuratorate and Jinggu Company voluntarily reached a mediation agreement, and Jinggu Company compensated 829,700 yuan for the restoration of ecological environment damage to the account designated by Pu ‘er City Finance Bureau; Jinggu Company paid the judicial appraisal fee of 400,000 yuan to Jinggu County Environmental Protection Bureau.

　　"This case fully coordinated all parties, and closed the case with the defendant’s full compensation for the purpose of repairing the environment, achieving the organic unity of legal effect and social effect, and providing a practical sample for improving the diversified settlement mechanism of ecological environment and resources disputes." Li Shiqing, Party Secretary and Procurator-General of Pu ‘er City Procuratorate, said.

　　Rolling stones do not grow moss. "Touring" is also an important mechanism innovation for Pu ‘er procuratorate to strengthen public interest litigation.

　　In August 2018, under the guidance of Pu ‘er City Procuratorate, Jingdong County Procuratorate set up the province’s first national nature reserve inspection office in Ailaoshan Nature Reserve in Jingdong. In April this year, the Jingdong County Procuratorate set up a roving inspection office of Wuliangshan National Nature Reserve.

　　People-oriented, promote the formation of a joint force to protect the ecological environment

　　Public interest litigation is not a "one-man show". The procuratorial organs in Pu ‘er adhere to the people-centered development idea, and put forward restorative justice concepts such as "comprehensive management, consultation and sentencing, interactive prevention", strengthen communication and coordination with relevant administrative organs, and pay attention to the implementation of various practical measures.

　　From March to November, 2017, 14 people, including Zou Moumou, a villager from Longma Village, Baozhen Town, Jiangcheng County, illegally cut down trees without the approval of the competent forestry authorities and handling the forest cutting license.

　　In the investigation, the prosecutor of Jiangcheng County Procuratorate found that 8 of the 14 people, including Zou Moumou, were poor households with established files. They cut down trees without a license in order to grow cash crops with short cycle and quick income, such as bananas and nuts, and wanted to increase their income in a short time and get rid of poverty as soon as possible. Farmers don’t understand and accept the plan of cutting down fruit trees to restore forest land. Prosecutors visited the village many times and gave them patient and meticulous explanations from the perspective of reason and law, and actively communicated and coordinated with relevant administrative organs, and held on-the-spot meetings for handling criminal incidental civil public interest litigation cases, fully explaining to the villagers that if ecological restoration is not carried out according to the restoration plan, there will be no conditions for lighter and lighter treatment, guiding the people to turn their minds around and combine ecological restoration with legal wealth.

　　On February 1, 2019, Jiangcheng County Procuratorate filed a criminal incidental civil public interest lawsuit against this series of deforestation cases. The court ruled that the defendant Zou Moumou and other 14 people replanted Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis or Cunninghamia lanceolata in the original site of deforestation.

　　"I know the disadvantages of cutting down trees. For the development of future generations, I am willing to cut bananas to restore forest land. " After the verdict, Fu Moumou and others said one after another.

　　"This case is ‘ Specialized legal supervision+restorative judicial practice+socialized comprehensive management ’ The powerful exploration of the ecological procuratorial mode is a typical example of people-oriented and warm justice, and it is a perfect interpretation of humanized case handling to help poverty alleviation. " Wan Wei, head of the Eighth Procuratorate of Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate, commented.

　　The reporter learned that the procuratorate of Pu ‘er City also explored the cooperation and joint management of the river, and made full use of the model of "river (lake) long system+discipline inspection commission+procuratorate" to help the construction of ecological Pu ‘er. In order to effectively resolve the "thrombus" that hinders the promotion of procuratorial public interest litigation and enhance the effectiveness of supervision of procuratorial public interest litigation, Pu ‘er City Procuratorate took the initiative to report to the Supervisory Committee of the Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection on the important role of procuratorial suggestions of public interest litigation in Pu ‘er City in administration and governance according to law, which was highly valued and supported by the Supervisory Committee of the Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection. In the work of "looking back" on the procuratorial suggestions issued by the two hospitals in Pu ‘er City, the discipline inspection and supervision organs at the city and county levels sent special personnel to participate in the whole process as "observers", which enhanced the fairness and authority of the special activities and formed a strong supervision force. (He Wei He Xing James Jiang)

　　Author: Tsinghua University’s supreme leader, Professor Chen Mingfan, Dean of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research in New Era.

　　The people-centered development thought has been fully displayed in the battles against epidemic, poverty alleviation and flood relief, showing the powerful force of the Chinese nation that is not afraid of any difficulties. Cultivating successors to the socialist cause is the meaning of the people-centered development thought. We should implement the people-centered development thought in the whole process of casting souls and educating people, guide college students to learn, believe and use, establish correct values of life through learning and practice, and strive hard on the road ahead.

　　People-centered development thought is a creative application and development of Marxist mass historical view.

　　Marxist view of mass history holds that the people are the main body of history. Marx and Engels pointed out: "Historical activities are the activities of the masses. With the deepening of historical activities, it will certainly expand the ranks of the masses." If the development of human society is a magnificent historical drama, then, as Marx said, the people are both "the playwright" and "the people in the drama". The Marxist principle that people create history has become an important theoretical cornerstone of historical materialism.

　　In the process of leading China’s revolution and construction, Comrade Mao Zedong always regarded "serving the people wholeheartedly" as the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s purpose. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out during the democratic revolution: "communist party’s line is the people’s line." After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out that "our direction is the direction of the people, which is enshrined in the Constitution", and he also put forward the mass line of "from the masses to the masses" for the first time, which became the guiding principle for the Party to formulate and implement various policies. In the new historical period of reform and opening up, the party’s mass line has been further implemented and carried forward. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "The mass line and the mass viewpoint are our family heirlooms." He repeatedly stressed that the people should support or not, agree or disagree, be happy or unhappy, and promise or not as the starting point and destination for formulating principles, policies and making decisions. After Socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era, the Supreme Leader General Secretary put forward the people-centered development thought as the guiding principle of the new development concept, so as to lead the overall situation of China’s economic and social development. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The people’s yearning for a better life is our goal." The new era has put forward a series of difficult historical topics to the party. Facing the question of the times, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The times are the writers, and we are the respondents.The people are the reviewers. The gains and losses of all the work of the ruling party will ultimately be judged by the people. The people-centered development thought inherits and carries forward the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s fine tradition, which is a creative application and development of Marxist mass historical view.

　　The people-centered development thought has been vividly reflected in the battle against epidemic and poverty.

　　The year 2020 is an extraordinary year in the history of China. The Communist Party of China (CPC) led the people of China in their arduous struggle to win the battle against epidemic, fight against poverty and fight against floods and disasters in southern China since summer, which protected people’s life safety and health and improved people’s well-being. People-centered development thought has become the main theme of these tough battles. A sudden epidemic in COVID-19 is rare in the history of human diseases because of its rapid spread, wide range of infection and great difficulty in prevention and control. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core issued a battle mobilization order to the whole party and the people of the whole country: "People’s lives are more important than Mount Tai! As long as it is responsible for people’s lives, then what costs and consequences must be borne. " The Party Central Committee made precise policies, made overall arrangements, mobilized all possible manpower and resources, invested in the anti-epidemic struggle, party, government, military and civilian studies, and formed a strong joint force. The anti-disaster struggle and economic and social development were coordinated, and the losses were minimized as much as possible. China’s achievements in the fight against disasters have been praised by people all over the world, and also by unbiased people in western countries.

　　When a great task falls from heaven, you must first sharpen your will. The epidemic in China is not over yet, and the flood is coming one after another. Since the beginning of summer, many places in southern China have been hit by heavy rains, and the water levels of many rivers have exceeded the warning line. The party has led the people to immediately fight against disasters and rescue. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made important instructions: "Require relevant departments in various regions to adhere to the people first and life first, make overall plans for epidemic prevention and control and flood control and disaster relief, adhere to the combination of preventive preparation and emergency response, strengthen flood monitoring, promptly investigate potential risks, effectively organize emergency rescue and disaster relief, properly resettle the affected people, maintain a good production and living order, and effectively put people’s lives in the first place." At present, the tough battle against epidemic and the fighting against floods and emergencies led by our party are all for the people, relying on the people and fighting the people’s war. China people have realized the importance of adhering to the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and the superiority of Socialism with Chinese characteristics system from the practice of fighting against epidemic and flood, thus inspiring their confidence and determination to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. "With one heart and one mind, Mount Tai moves", there are no insurmountable tests and challenges, and there are no insurmountable difficulties and risks before the United and struggling people of China.

　　This year is also the decisive year for the fight against poverty. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "In the past 70 years, the people of China have worked hard and created ‘ When the world is shocked ’ The development achievements, the problem of absolute poverty that has plagued the Chinese nation for thousands of years is about to come to a historic end and write a great legend in the history of human development! " The elimination of absolute poverty indicates that China has built a well-off society in an all-round way. Eliminating poverty is a global problem faced by many countries in the world today. Some countries are stuck in the vicious circle of poverty for a long time and fall into the "poverty trap" mentioned by development economics. China is the largest developing country in the world and one of the poorest countries in the world before liberation. Today’s China has lifted more than 800 million people out of poverty. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the scale of poverty reduction has been over 10 million every year, and China’s contribution rate to global poverty reduction is over 70%, which has written a brilliant chapter in the history of human anti-poverty struggle. China has contributed effective experiences and programs to the cause of poverty reduction in the world, which has been praised by people all over the world. People-centered is the guiding ideology for China to win the battle against poverty. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Those who travel a hundred miles are half-ninety. The more critical they are, the more determined they must be to win, and the more determined they must be to attack the city and pull out the village. As long as all localities and departments earnestly shoulder their responsibilities and work hard, as long as the broad masses of cadres and people in poverty-stricken areas continue to forge ahead and work hard,As long as the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country unite as one, stick to their goals and work hard, they will certainly win the tough battle of getting rid of poverty as scheduled. "Building a well-off society in an all-round way is only a staged victory in the long March of China’s socialist modernization. We have to get rid of absolute poverty step by step, so that all the people in the country can live a rich and beautiful life and realize their yearning for a better life step by step. This is the core implication of people-centered development thought.

　　Cultivating successors to the socialist cause is the meaning of people-centered development thought.

　　People are made up of individual people, which have continuity from generation to generation, and can only be passed down from generation to generation. Contemporary college students are about to take up their jobs one after another and become the backbone talents in all fronts. The Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will come true in the hands of their generation. What doctrine they believe in and what road they take are related to the future and destiny of the future country. Therefore, it is urgent to educate college students’ ideals and beliefs. We should carry out the people-centered development thought in the whole process of cultivating people, and give priority to solving the problem of why people are, from entrance education, all-round cultivation of morality, intelligence and physique, social practice to employment guidance. Ideological and political courses in colleges and universities should play a leading role in the process of casting souls and educating people, and guide college students to establish the life value concept of serving the people wholeheartedly. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Youth’s life goals will be different, and their career choices will be different, but only by integrating their own ego into the big ego of the motherland and the big ego of the people, keeping pace with the times and sharing the destiny with the people can we better realize the value of life and sublimate the realm of life." Correctly understanding and handling the dialectical relationship between ego and ego is the core connotation of establishing correct life values.

　　To guide college students to establish correct values of life, we must first guide them to master Marxist scientific theory. The characteristics and advantages of college students are that they believe in science and don’t like empty preaching. Marxist historical materialism is based on science. The view that the masses are the creators of history is one of the core essences of historical materialism, which scientifically answers the motive force of human historical development, thus explaining the similarities and differences between the laws of human social development and the laws of natural development. Both of them are objective, but promoting social progress depends on the subjective initiative of the masses, so respecting the initiative of the masses is the principled position of Marxism. After college students go to work, they must master and practice this scientific truth, closely link their own destiny with the destiny of the people, and show the brilliance of life value in the cause of serving the people. At present, the ideological and political courses offered in colleges and universities, such as an introduction to the basic principles of Marxism, an introduction to the theoretical system of Mao Zedong Thought and Socialism with Chinese characteristics, an outline of China’s modern history, ideological and moral cultivation and legal basis, all contain the contents of Marxist historical materialism, and the people-centered development thought should be integrated into them and internalized into the ideals and beliefs of college students.

　　The power of role models is infinite. College students always choose the people they admire as their idols in the process of growing up, as a driving force and a benchmark for pushing themselves forward. We should give full play to the power of example in educating college students on life values that serve the people. Generations of great men emerged in the historical process of China’s revolution and construction set a shining example for college students to be loyal to, rely on and benefit the people, and heroic model figures emerged in various periods and fronts also set an example for young students to learn from. Their thoughts and achievements are of educational significance to young students’ determination to cast their souls. In a word, instilling scientific theories in the process of casting souls to educate people will help to improve students’ rational understanding, and using the power of examples will help to enhance students’ perceptual understanding, and on this basis, Huawei’s rational understanding will be improved. Only by organically combining the two can we achieve the effectiveness of ideal and belief education.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Tokyo, August 24th-China’s ambassador to Japan, Wu Jianghao, lodged a solemn protest with Japan’s Deputy Foreign Affairs Minister Masayoshi Okano on the 24th, regarding Japan’s launching of the Fukushima nuclear polluted water discharge into the sea.

　　Wu Jianghao said that today, Japan ignored strong doubts and opposition at home and abroad, shifted the risk of nuclear pollution to neighboring countries including China and the international community, put its own self-interest above the long-term well-being of people in the region and around the world, put the global marine environment and the health of all mankind as a dangerous bet, and insisted on officially launching the Fukushima nuclear pollution water discharge. China resolutely opposed this and once again lodged a solemn protest with Japan, demanding that Japan immediately stop this extremely selfish and irresponsible behavior.

　　Wu Jianghao pointed out that the Fukushima nuclear accident is one of the most serious nuclear accidents in the world so far, causing a large amount of radioactive materials to leak. There is no precedent in the world to deal with it by discharging the sea, and there is still a lack of technology that has been tested by science and practice and proved to be "safe and harmless". Without fully demonstrating the long-term safety and reliability of the existing sea-discharging technology, gaining extensive understanding from all stakeholders, and establishing a complete international supervision and compensation mechanism, Japan insists on forcibly starting sea-discharging, which contains huge risks and unpredictable hazards.

　　Wu Jianghao emphasized that the ocean is the blue home on which all mankind depends, and all countries have the obligation of international law to protect and preserve the marine environment. Japan has no right to decide to dump nuclear polluted water into the sea without authorization, and must bear full responsibility for the consequences caused by it. China seriously urges Japan to immediately stop discharging the sea, communicate honestly with its neighboring countries in a responsible manner, accept strict supervision by the international community, and effectively dispose of nuclear polluted water in a scientific, safe and transparent way. If Japan insists on doing it, it will bear long-term moral and legal responsibilities.

　　Wu Jianghao pointed out that’s exclusion from the sea has aroused strong concerns of Japanese consumers about food safety. China government has always adhered to the people first, and must resolutely respond to people’s concerns and safeguard the marine environment, food safety and public health. It is natural and necessary for the China government to announce a total suspension of the import of Japanese aquatic products. The responsibility for this situation lies entirely with the Japanese side, which should reflect on itself.

Original attention to frontier science and technology qubit

Mengchen Bowen is from Aofei Temple.

Quantum bit report | WeChat official account QbitAI

There was once a master student of Peking University who won eight papers in ACL of the International Summit at one time during his school days, two of which were one work, and also boarded a hot search in Zhihu.

After that hot search, this "big paper writer" seems to have gradually disappeared.

Today, she came back with AliceMind, a deep language model system of Ali Dharma Institute.

Luo Fuli, who is called "AI Loli" by the outside world, is responsible for the open source of seven models in AliceMind.

Her experience is a bit legendary.

I didn’t have much contact with computers before I went to college, but I stumbled into the computer major of Beijing Normal University by mistake.

When I first entered school, I jumped to the top one or two by hard work because I didn’t have the bottom of basic grades.

In my junior year, I entered the Language Computing Laboratory of Peking University as an intern, chose NLP as my research direction, taught myself Python within three months and submitted a top-level paper (not a work).

Bao Yan entered Peking University, and his master’s degree published more than 20 papers at international summit in two years.

However, unexpectedly, she did not choose to continue her doctoral studies, but joined the Ali Dharma Institute after graduation in 2020, hoping to do some practical research.

In the two years since she entered the industry, the number of papers she sent has obviously decreased.

When reading, the surrounding evaluation mechanism is very concerned about the number of your papers. But when it comes to industry, I don’t pursue quantity now, but mainly pursue whether this work is really valuable and influential in this field.

She led the development of cross-language pre-training model VECO in Dharma Institute, and became one of the eight models of AliceMind. This time, AliceMind opened the source collectively, and she provoked the beam.

Simple is the best.

Luo Fuli worked in the industry this year, compared with when she was in academia, her mentality has changed a lot:

When I was in school, I always tried to put forward a very complicated model, which everyone couldn’t understand and the paper reviewers couldn’t understand, but when I got to the industry, I would find that the model that was understandable and effective at a glance was the best.

This is also the thinking of the deep language model team of Dharma Institute where she works. The eight AliceMind models they created have successively reached the top of the six NLP authoritative lists of GLUE, CLUE, XTREME, VQA Challenge, DocVQA and MS MARCO.

The meaning of Alice in AliceMind is actually very simple, that is, Alibaba’s collection of encoder-decoders.

The models are as simple as this name, all of which are based on the actual business needs and are innovated and improved on the basis of Encoder-decoder.

StructBERT, a general language model, adds two new objective functions at word level and sentence level on the basis of BERT, which is equivalent to letting AI master the ability of "reading Chinese characters in sequence without affecting".

This is because the team found in Ali’s business that users often have incorrect grammar and word order when using scenes easily such as e-commerce and entertainment products.

This requires the language model to accurately understand and give correct expressions and responses when faced with words with disordered word order and irregular grammar.

AliceMind has just topped the multimodal authority list VQA Challenge 2021 again.

The competition task of VQA Challenge is similar to picture-looking question and answer. Given an image and natural language questions about the image, AI needs to provide accurate natural language answers.

In this regard, AliceMind’s multi-modal model StructVBERT, based on the general model StructBERT, introduces both text and image modes.

Using more efficient visual features and innovative cross-attention mechanism, joint modeling is carried out in a unified multimodal semantic space.

In addition to cross-modal, VECO, a cross-language model led by Luo Fuli, was also hired by ACL2021.

The cross-attention mechanism is also introduced into VECO, which changes the instability of automatic modeling of cross-language information in the hidden layer in the past, but completes it explicitly.

Another innovation of VECO is to fully learn the tasks for language understanding (NLU) and generation (NLG) during the pre-training, and let them learn from each other and improve each other.

Now Luo Fuli reviews the work of VECO, and there are also some regrets:

If I was in school two years ago, I would think it was so simple. I could add a lot of fancy skills. However, in order to consider the universality of the architecture in different business scenarios, the industry has to sacrifice some complicated and interesting model designs.

PALM, the generative language model in AliceMind, changes the pre-training goal from reconstructing the input text to predicting the subsequent text.

Such a change makes the model understand the input text more deeply, and achieves better results in questions and answers generation, text retelling, reply generation, text summarization and other tasks.

There are also StructuralLM, machine reading comprehension model UED and knowledge-driven language model LatticeBERT, all of which have made obvious advantages in their respective fields.

In addition to the seven models of this open source, AliceMind also includes a very large-scale unified model PLUG for Chinese understanding and generation.

The models in AliceMind seem to have a common feature, that is, they are good at "cross-border".

From cross-language and cross-modal to the unification of language understanding and generation, different inputs are modeled in a larger coding space based on Transformer architecture.

Luo Fuli added:

AliceMind’s solution of using Transformer as a unified model architecture is mature, but to achieve better "cross-border", the next direction of efforts is to solve the problem of deep integration and matching of different types or granularity inputs.

Expanding models with diverse abilities from the basic model and combining them in practical business make AliceMind the most comprehensive deep language model system in the industry.

So where did AliceMind go?

Landing is a systematic project.

AliceMind has been launched on the NLP platform inside Ali, which can be used by different departments.

Demo is also provided on the official website, such as this language generation module based on PLUG model.

Enter excerpts from Dream of Red Mansions:

You can generate a continuation:

And there are dozens of Demo like this for everyone to try out.

However, these services on official website are not all supported by AliceMind, and many of them are just small models inspired by this system.

So where are the cores of this open source currently working?

The most widely used is e-commerce.

In particular, Alibaba International Business Unit (ICBU) or a department with cross-border e-commerce business like AliExpress is the direct beneficiary of the multilingual model VECO.

VECO is one of the eight models in AliceMind system, which is used for multi-language understanding and cross-language text embedding and classification, and has mastered more than 100 languages.

Ali’s internal translation platform based on AliceMind is called about 1 billion times a day, creating hundreds of millions of dollars of international cross-border trade and other international business business value.

As Huang Songfang, the head of the deep language model team of Dharma Institute, said, "Language model landing is a systematic project":

The language model is completed on the platform from training, fine-tuning to distillation and compression, to the whole deployment and online. After online, it is connected with the business system and can be directly embedded in their business logic and business system.

AliceMind’s contribution is also found in the more familiar Taobao photo-taking and Tmall Elf smart speakers.

At present, AliceMind has landed in dozens of core businesses in Ali, with an average of 5 billion calls per day and more than 200 active scenes.

In addition to Ali, AliceMind has also contributed a lot to the medical field, especially cancer treatment.

As a deep learning language model system with autonomous learning ability, AliceMind will have a rearrangement mechanism when it is applied to search engines.

Aiming at a specific kind of medical literature, AliceMind will make a series of relevant texts after rough arrangement, and then combine the information such as article type and citation map again to rearrange them constantly.

At the same time, the extracted information is fused with the known structured knowledge to build a knowledge system, and finally the highest quality clinical literature is obtained.

In the recent international evaluation of precision medicine attended by 16 world-renowned teams, with this precision medicine search engine, Ali team won the first place in two clinical evidence quality evaluations:

Such a high-precision professional medical search engine can provide high-quality clinical decision-making assistance for clinicians when treating diseases.

AliceMind also appears in the legal field.

The Higher People’s Court of Zhejiang Province cooperated with Dharma Institute to realize the intelligent trial system of the whole process from filing a case to the generation of judgment documents.

In this pilot unit, AI’s sharing of the workload of judges has increased the rate of sentencing in court to 90%, and the time for closing the case has also been shortened from an average of 40 days to 50 minutes.

At present, the daily cumulative call volume of AliNLP platform based on AliceMind exceeds trillions, and it is used by more than 1,000 business parties every day.

E-commerce, education, medical care, energy, communication, law, content search, urban brain … More and more fields have become more convenient and smarter with the participation of AliceMind.

What to do after open source?

At present, the pre-training language model is very popular in NLP field and the whole learning field, and the model of super-large-scale parameters has become a trend.

In this regard, Huang Songfang, the head of the deep language model team of Dharma Institute and the general manager of AliceMind, said:

In fact, our side will not blindly pursue greatness, but will place great emphasis on its landing.

From research and development to practical application, a language model can’t be done by an enterprise.

It is also necessary for the developers of the whole community to participate, so that it is possible to apply the formula algorithm in academic papers to everyone’s convenience.

Dharma Institute hopes that through open source, it can lower the threshold of research and innovative application in the industry and make the language AI enter the era of big industry.

Next, AliceMind intends to strengthen cooperation with interdisciplinary units such as linguistics and neuroscience, and expand the language AI into larger applications.

Open source address:

https://github.com/alibaba/AliceMind

AliceMind official website:

https://nlp.aliyun.com/portal#/alice

Related papers:

General pre-training model StructBERT;

https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.04577

Multilingual pre-training model VECO;

https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.16046

Production pre-training model PALM;

https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.07159

Multimodal pre-training model E2E-VLP;

https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.01804

Structured pre-training model StructuralLM;

https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.11210

Reading comprehension model:

https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/16584

Lattice-BERT, a pre-training model integrating knowledge;

https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.07204

Reference link:

[1][2]— End—

This article is the original content of the signing account [Quantum Bit] of Netease News Netease Special Content Incentive Plan, and it is forbidden to reprint it at will without the authorization of the account.

Original title: "AI Loli" came back after Peking University was born in 1995. She won eight top papers at a time, and now she is open to seven NLP models in Dharma Institute. "

Read the original text

News of current affairs

　　1| The Supreme Leader and the Russian President made a video connection to witness the ventilation ceremony for the commissioning of the East China-Russia natural gas pipeline.

　　2| Supreme Leader Meets Secretary of Russian Federation Security Council.

　　3| Li Keqiang telephoned the President of the European Commission.

　　4| Li Keqiang made important instructions on carrying out the pilot reform of "separating licenses from licenses" in the Pilot Free Trade Zone, stressing that it is necessary to continuously promote the construction of a market-oriented, rule-based and international business environment, and promote the start-up and development of more new enterprises.

　　5| Han Zheng attended a teleconference on training and deployment of the pilot project of "separation of licenses" and delivered a speech.

　　Theme Education of "Do not forget your initiative mind, Remember Mission"

　　Issue a notice | Recently, the Central Leading Group for Education on the Theme of "Do not forget your initiative mind, Keep Your Mission in Mind" issued the Notice on Rectifying the Problems of "Achievement Project" and "Face Project" such as the excessive landscape lighting project.

　　The Fourth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee

　　Preach | In order to better study and implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, Guangdong, Chongqing, Qinghai, Shaanxi and other places have carried out various publicity activities for the grassroots and combined with reality.

　　"A large-scale achievement exhibition to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC)"

　　Online and offline heat is not reduced | "Great course and brilliant achievements — — More than two months after the opening of the large-scale achievement exhibition to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the enthusiasm of all walks of life to watch the exhibition has continued unabated, with the number of on-site visitors exceeding 2 million and the number of online exhibition halls exceeding 100 million.

　　Walking at the grassroots level to see "six stabilities"

　　Open and win-win | Under the background that the global economy is still facing great downward pressure, China has further expanded its opening up, injected new vitality into the world economy, and constantly optimized its business environment, attracting more and more foreign investors to achieve win-win cooperation with China.

　　"model of the times"

　　Zhu Youyong | The Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee awarded Zhu Youyong the title of "Model of the Times" today (2nd). Zhu Youyong is an academician of China Academy of Engineering and a famous expert in plant pathology in China. He actively participated in the cause of poverty alleviation and took root in poverty alleviation in Lancang Lahu Autonomous County, Yunnan Province.

The so-called "Hong Kong Bill of Rights and Democracy" was signed into law.

　　Sanctions | A spokesman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced at a regular press conference today (2nd) that the China administration has decided to suspend the examination and approval of applications for US warships to go to Hong Kong for rest with immediate effect, and at the same time, impose sanctions on non-governmental organizations such as the National Foundation for Democracy, which performed badly in the storm of amending laws in Hong Kong.

　　Views from all walks of life in Hong Kong | People from all walks of life in Hong Kong have said in recent days that the US signed the so-called "Hong Kong Bill of Rights and Democracy" into law in an attempt to interfere in Hong Kong affairs to contain China’s development, which is doomed to failure.

　　Comments | The People’s Daily, which will be published tomorrow (3rd), will publish a commentator’s article entitled "It is wishful thinking to use Hong Kong as an anti-China tool, and playing the" Hong Kong card "will not succeed". Xinhua News Agency today (2nd) broadcast a commentator’s article entitled "The US attempt to control China by messing with Hong Kong is doomed to failure". Today (2nd), our station published the international critical review "Hong Kong is quite unpopular".

　　economic data

　　China Logistics Industry Prosperity Index | In November, the prosperity index of China’s logistics industry was 58.9%, up 4.7 percentage points from last month. Industries such as express delivery, warehousing, railway transportation and road transportation continue to remain active.

　　"National Traffic Safety Day"

　　Keep the rules and eliminate hidden dangers | Today (2nd) is the eighth traffic safety day in China. Traffic police departments in Beijing, Chongqing, Guangxi, Zhejiang and other places have carried out various interactive activities such as VR simulation experience of drunk driving and vehicle collision test around the theme of "obeying rules and eliminating hidden dangers, and traveling safely and civilized".

sports news

　　China has won many international competitions | In the 2019 ITTF Men’s World Cup final, Fan Zhendong defeated Japanese player Zhang Benzhihe 4-2 and successfully defended her title. In the men’s online individual final of the 34th World Trampoline Championships, Gao Lei won four consecutive championships with a total score of 61.705. China’s men’s relay team won the men’s 5000-meter relay in the short track speed skating World Cup in Nagoya.

　　home news

　　Hainan Island International Film Festival | The 2nd Hainan Island International Film Festival opened in Sanya on the evening of 2nd. In the special session to pay tribute to the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China at the opening ceremony, 12 filmmakers reviewed the development of New China with excellent films from various eras since the founding of the Republic.

　　international news

　　Declaration on Women’s Rights and Interests | The recently concluded United Nations Asia-Pacific Women’s Rights Review Conference in Bangkok adopted the 25th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration — — Asia-Pacific Ministerial Declaration on Promoting Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment.

　　Intervention | The Syrian Arab News Agency reported on the 1st that the Syrian Foreign Ministry issued a statement on the same day, accusing the United States of trying to interfere in the work of the Syrian Constitutional Council, interfering in Syria’s internal affairs and trying to impose the US agenda on others.

　　Sanctions issues | Larijani, Speaker of the Iranian Parliament, said on the 1st that Iran has always insisted on working with the United States to solve the problems related to US sanctions against Iraq, and the door has not been closed.

　　Russian over-the-horizon radar station | On the 1st, the first "container" over-the-horizon radar station of the Russian Air Force officially entered the combat duty in the Republic of Moldova in western Russia.

Shooting case | On the 1st, a shooting incident occurred in two places in the United States. Four people, including the gunman, were killed and 10 others were injured. According to statistics, since the beginning of this year, the number of people killed by gun violence in the United States has approached 36,000.

Hayley atwell will join Disney’s "Winnie the Pooh" live-action movie

1905 movie network news Hayley atwell, the "special agent" in the film, will join the Disney "Winnie the Pooh" live-action movie Christopher Robin, and will play the wife of the actor Christopher Robin, and form a CP with ewan mcgregor, who has previously announced his joining.

British actor hayley atwell has a deep relationship with Disney. After playing peggy carter in Marvel Comics’s Captain America, he also starred in the derivative drama "Agent Carter" jointly launched by Marvel TV and ABC TV. In addition, she also played the role of Cinderella’s biological mother in the 2015 live-action version.

　

It is reported that the "Winnie the Pooh" live-action movie will focus on the adult story of Winnie the Pooh owner Christopher Robin. When he grew up, Robin became a successful businessman, and work was more important to him than his wife and daughter. Faced with the pressure of life, Robin gradually lost his childhood imagination. At this time, Winnie the Pooh, Pig, Tigger and other "good friends" returned to his life, hoping to help him find the "hundred acres of forest". Robin will therefore make a choice and balance between real life and childhood playmates.

　

The film’s current production team can be described as extraordinary strength. Marc forster, who once filmed "Living in My Writing" and "Living in My Writing", will be the director. The screenplay was co-written by screenwriter tom mccarthy and screenwriter Eric Schnord. The specific release date has not yet been determined.

CCTV News:The reporter learned from the China Coal Industry Association that in the first quarter of this year, while China’s electricity consumption was increasing, coal-fired power generation declined, the proportion of new energy power generation further increased, and China’s energy structure was further optimized.

The data shows that in March, China’s raw coal output above designated size was 400 million tons, down 4.2% year-on-year. In the first quarter, the output of raw coal above designated size in China was 1.11 billion tons, down by 47 million tons or 4.1% year-on-year. At the same time, the power generation of renewable energy has steadily increased. In the first quarter, the national renewable energy power generation reached 687.5 billion kWh, accounting for about 30.7% of the total power generation. Among them, the photovoltaic power generation of wind power reached 425.3 billion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 25%.

China will establish a coal capacity reserve system.

New energy power generation has the characteristics of seasonality and fluctuation. While the proportion of new energy power generation in China is increasing, in order to ensure the safety of power grid and make coal-fired power enterprises have more flexible channels to use coal, China recently issued the "Implementation Opinions on Establishing Coal Capacity Reserve System" (hereinafter referred to as "Implementation Opinions"), which can be used and issued when thermal power needs coal.

The reporter in this newly-built coal reserve base in Tai ‘an, Shandong Province saw that after the coal transported from the coal-producing area by railway is reserved here, it can be sent to the surrounding power plants and coal-consuming enterprises by road and water transport, and when there is an energy gap nearby, the reserve coal can be mobilized to realize the elastic supply of coal. At present, five thousand-ton berths and 23.4 kilometers of special railway lines have been built here. At the same time, it has the capacity of storing 500,000 tons of coal, and the annual cargo throughput can reach 32 million tons.

In the "Implementation Opinions", it is proposed that by 2027, China will initially establish a coal capacity reserve system, and approve the construction of a number of coal mine projects with capacity reserves in an orderly manner to form a certain scale of schedulable capacity reserve. By 2030, the capacity reserve system will be more perfect, the capacity management system will be more perfect, and efforts will be made to form a schedulable capacity reserve of about 300 million tons/year.

The proportion of less intelligent mines in China will further increase.

Safety production is the premise and guarantee of the development of coal industry, and it is also the focus of coal mine construction and transformation in recent years. Less people and intelligent mines related to safety production have become the development trend of coal industry.

Recently, the State Administration of Mine Safety and other seven departments issued "Guiding Opinions on Deepening the Intelligent Construction of Mines to Promote the Safe Development of Mines", pointing out that by 2026, China will establish a complete mine intelligent standard system, which can intelligently warn against major disasters. The intelligent production capacity of coal mines in China accounts for no less than 60%, and the replacement rates of intelligent equipment or robots for dangerous and heavy jobs in coal mines and non-coal mines are not less than 30% and 20% respectively, and the number of underground personnel in mines nationwide will be reduced by more than 10%. By 2030, the intrinsic safety level of mines will be greatly improved.

In Inner Mongolia, an open-pit coal mine with an annual output of 35 million tons, the first unmanned pure electric mine truck transportation system in China is under intense operation. Compared with the traditional manual driving mode, it can improve the mine efficiency and realize less people’s work.

This coal deep processing enterprise in Shaanxi recently upgraded its intelligent factory system, in which the intelligent monitoring system can monitor the state, temperature, pressure and vibration of key equipment in real time and give an alarm in real time when abnormal working conditions occur. In addition, the company also deployed a large number of auxiliary robots to assist the staff in production on the spot, achieving safe and efficient production operations with fewer people.

　　Since the United States and NATO began to withdraw their troops from Afghanistan on May 1, the Taliban have stepped up their offensive in Afghanistan, fought fiercely with government forces and captured many areas, including areas bordering some Central Asian countries in the north. On the 9th local time, fierce fighting between the Taliban and Afghan government forces continued in many areas. The Afghan Defense Ministry said on the 9th that in the past 24 hours, Afghan security forces clashed with the Taliban in more than a dozen provinces, killing 131 people and injuring 99 Taliban members.

　　Recently, the situation in the northern provinces of Afghanistan has been particularly turbulent. In the past few days, the Taliban have continued to attack Fort Nau, the capital of Badghis province, in an attempt to occupy the city. Fort Nau is located in the northwest of Afghanistan, adjacent to Turkmenistan. On the 9th local time, the Afghan Ministry of Defence said that the government forces had repelled the Taliban and regained "complete control" of Fort Nau. In the battle, 69 Taliban militants were killed by the government forces. According to Al Jazeera, many other areas in Badghis province are still under Taliban control.

　　 Taliban captured several border crossings in Afghanistan.

　　In addition, on the 9th local time, the Taliban announced that it had "completely captured" Turagondi, the border crossing between Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. A spokesman for the Afghan Interior Ministry said that government forces are trying to recapture this port. According to Iranian media reports on the 9th, the Taliban have taken control of two border crossings between Afghanistan and Iran.

　　Up to now, the Taliban have seized several border crossings in Afghanistan, which border Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Iran respectively.

　　 The Taliban attacked Kandahar, a major southern city.

　　On the 9th, Sputnik news agency & radio quoted a source as saying that Taliban forces also invaded Kandahar city, the capital of Kandahar province in southern Afghanistan, and fought fiercely with government forces. Rukhulla Kanzada, Governor of Kandahar Province, said that the government forces have controlled the situation and the Taliban forces are withdrawing.